The transboundary Indus basin, with an area size of 1.1 million sq.km, is spread across Afghanistan, China, India and Pakistan with upper portion resting in the Hindu Kush, Karakorum, and Himalayan ranges. The largest portions of the basin are in Pakistan (52%%) followed by India (33%). The main river originates at Lake Ngangla Rinco on the Tibetan Plateau.